You can transfer a recently renewed .com domain name to a new registrar. However, if you transfer the domain within 45 days of the renewal, the domain you transfer out will not get an additional year added after the domain transfer.
This is an ICANN policy to ensure domains can be transferred even if they have been renewed for the maximum of 10 years.
Put simply, to prevent losing out on that renewed year, we recommend waiting at least 60 days from the last renewal date before initiating the transfer.